Why Run Multiple Agents?
AI coding assistants like Claude Code are powerful, but they work on one task at a time. When you have a frontend feature, backend endpoint, and tests to write, running them sequentially means waiting for each to finish before starting the next.
Running multiple agents in parallel lets you work on all three simultaneously. Your backend agent implements the API while your frontend agent builds the UI and your test agent writes integration tests. Instead of 3 hours of sequential work, you might finish in 1.5 hours.
The tradeoff is complexity: more agents means more coordination, more potential for file conflicts, and more context to track.
Approach 1: Terminal Tabs
Multiple Terminal Windows/Tabs Simple & Effective
The most straightforward approach: open multiple terminal windows or tabs, run Claude Code in each, and work on different parts of your codebase.
# Terminal 1 - Backend work
cd ~/project
claude
# Terminal 2 - Frontend work
cd ~/project
claude
# Terminal 3 - Tests
cd ~/project
claude
Pros
- Zero setup required
- Full control over each session
- Easy to stop/start individually
- Works with any terminal
Cons
- Manual window management
- Easy to lose track of sessions
- No shared context between agents
- Copy-paste for coordination
This works great for 2-3 agents. Once you hit 4+, window management becomes a real overhead. If you find yourself constantly switching windows to remember what's happening, consider upgrading to tmux or an orchestration tool.
Approach 2: tmux / screen
Terminal Multiplexers More Structure
tmux and screen let you manage multiple terminal sessions in a single window with split panes, session persistence, and keyboard navigation.
# Create a tmux session with 3 panes
tmux new-session -s agents
# Split horizontally: Ctrl+b "
# Split vertically: Ctrl+b %
# Navigate: Ctrl+b arrow-key
# In each pane, run Claude Code
claude
Pros
- All agents visible at once
- Session survives disconnects
- Scriptable setup
- Keyboard-driven navigation
Cons
- Learning curve for keybindings
- Still manual task assignment
- Hard to read long outputs
- No task tracking or history
Example tmux Setup Script
#!/bin/bash
# agents.sh - Start a 3-agent tmux session
SESSION="agents"
PROJECT="$HOME/myproject"
tmux new-session -d -s $SESSION -c $PROJECT
tmux rename-window -t $SESSION:0 'backend'
tmux send-keys -t $SESSION:0 'claude' C-m
tmux new-window -t $SESSION:1 -n 'frontend' -c $PROJECT
tmux send-keys -t $SESSION:1 'claude' C-m
tmux new-window -t $SESSION:2 -n 'tests' -c $PROJECT
tmux send-keys -t $SESSION:2 'claude' C-m
tmux attach -t $SESSION
When to use tmux: If you're already comfortable with tmux, this is a natural extension of your workflow. It's also great for remote work via SSH where you need session persistence.
Approach 3: Orchestration Tools
Dedicated Multi-Agent Orchestration Full Feature Set
Tools built specifically for running multiple AI agents add task management, status tracking, shared context, and coordination features on top of raw parallel execution.
Pros
- Task queue with dependencies
- Real-time status dashboard
- Persistent agent memory
- Token usage tracking
- One-click task retry
Cons
- Additional software to install
- Learning curve for new concepts
- May be overkill for simple needs
Prompter Hawk Approach
Prompter Hawk is one such orchestration tool. It provides a web dashboard for managing multiple AI agents (Claude, OpenAI, Gemini) working in parallel on a shared workspace.
Key capabilities from the orchestrator:
- Parallel execution - Run 3-10+ agents simultaneously, each with its own AI backend.
- Task queue with prerequisites - Tasks can depend on other tasks. Blocked tasks wait automatically.
- Shared workspace - All agents work in the same filesystem. No branch merging required.
- Automatic restart - Agents restart on failure with context preserved.
- Persistent memory - Each agent maintains a
progress_log.mdthat persists between sessions. - Tentative tasks - Agents can propose new tasks that require human approval.
- Recurring tasks - Schedule tasks hourly, daily, weekly, or on custom intervals.
# Initialize a mission in your project
cd ~/project
prompter-hawk init
# Start the orchestrator
prompter-hawk
# Create tasks from CLI
prompter-hawk task @backend-dev "implement auth endpoint"
prompter-hawk task @frontend-dev "build login form"
prompter-hawk task @qa-tester "write auth tests" -p high
See the Getting Started guide for full installation and setup instructions.
Avoiding File Conflicts
The biggest challenge with parallel agents isn't running them - it's preventing them from stepping on each other's work. Here's what to watch for:
Divide by Domain
The safest approach is to assign agents to non-overlapping parts of your codebase:
- Backend agent -
src/api/,src/models/,src/services/ - Frontend agent -
src/components/,src/pages/,styles/ - Test agent -
tests/,__tests__/ - Docs agent -
docs/,README.md
Use Task Dependencies
When tasks must happen in order, mark the dependency explicitly. If your test agent needs the API to exist before writing tests, make "implement API" a prerequisite of "write API tests".
Commit Frequently
Short-lived work reduces conflict surface. If agents commit after each task, conflicts are smaller and easier to resolve than after hours of divergent work.
Shared files are risky. Files like package.json, requirements.txt, or config files can be modified by multiple agents. Consider assigning one agent as the "owner" of shared files, or reviewing these changes manually.
Choosing Your Approach
There's no universal "best" approach - it depends on your situation:
Use Terminal Tabs When:
- You're running 2-3 agents for a few hours
- You want zero setup overhead
- You're comfortable manually tracking what each agent is doing
- Tasks are simple and self-contained
Use tmux/screen When:
- You're already a tmux user
- You need session persistence (SSH, remote work)
- You want all agents visible in one view
- You prefer keyboard-driven navigation
Use Orchestration Tools When:
- You're running 4+ agents regularly
- Tasks have complex dependencies
- You need to track progress over days/weeks
- Multiple people need visibility into agent status
- You want task retry without copy-pasting context
- You're mixing AI providers (Claude + GPT + Gemini)
Start simple, upgrade when needed. Terminal tabs are fine for getting started. When you find yourself losing track of what's happening or spending more time coordinating than coding, that's when structured tooling pays off.